Materiales activados alcalinamente reforzados con fibras bajo exposición térmica y química: revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47796/ing.v8i00.1526Keywords:
alkali activation, chemical attack, degradation, thermal exposure, fibersAbstract
Fiber-reinforced alkali-activated materials constitute an alternative for reducing the carbon footprint of construction and improving crack control; however, their performance may change under thermal and chemical exposure. This review aimed to synthesize the evidence on their behavior under high temperatures, acids, sulfates, chlorides, and marine environments, and to identify validation gaps. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020, using 11 search strategies in OpenAlex, Crossref verification, and backward reference tracing, considering studies published between 2005 and 2025. Thirty primary studies were included: 19 addressing thermal exposure and 11 addressing chemical or environmental exposure. The results show that performance depends on gel chemistry, calcium content, moisture, porosity, fiber stability, and the fiber-matrix interface. Polymeric fibers may relieve vapor pressure but lose bridging capacity; steel retains mechanical activity at elevated temperatures, with risks of oxidation and thermal incompatibility; and mineral and natural fibers exhibit matrix-dependent responses. It is concluded that there is no universal thermal or chemical performance and that coupled exposure tests, under load and at structural scale, are required to support design criteria.
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