Thermal, insulated and ecological blocks made with aloe vera, egg carton and cabuya fiber

Abstract

This research develops thermal, sound-insulating, and ecological blocks made from cabuya fiber, recycled egg carton pulp, and aloe vera gel as a natural binder. The resulting biocomposite features a porous and lightweight structure achieved through an exclusively natural drying process that preserves the sponginess required for thermal insulation and sound absorption. The study began with 5 × 5 × 2 cm prototypes and continued with samples of 1 to 5 cm thickness to evaluate performance variations. Subsequently, modular blocks measuring 17 × 12 × 5 cm were designed to be compatible with the drywall system, with the aim of replacing conventional fiberglass insulation. Tests showed a progressive reduction in heat transfer and a significant improvement in noise attenuation as the thickness increased. The results confirm that these blocks represent a sustainable, functional, and technically viable alternative for interior lightweight partitions.