Mapeo de inestabilidad de laderas en cuencas de fuerte pendiente mediante el enfoque de talud infinito.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47796/ves.v11i1.601Palabras clave:
Inestabilidad, Cuyocuyo, talud infinito, sistema de información geográfica, deslizamientoResumen
Las zonas de fuerte pendiente y con presencia de lluvias son susceptibles a deslizamientos que a su vez pueden provocar otros desastres. El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar el mapa de peligro por deslizamiento mediante métodos determinísticos, como un estudio de caso en la cuenca del río Cuyocuyo, ubicado en la zona nororiental del departamento de Puno, perteneciente a la vertiente amazónica, considerada como zona moderadamente lluviosa y de pendientes abruptas. El mapeo de la inestabilidad del terreno, se realiza considerando los deslizamientos como traslacional superficial, controlado por convergencia del flujo subterráneo, utilizando el modelo de talud infinito. Los datos requeridos para implementar el modelo incluyen topografía, propiedades del suelo y estados hídricos que son altamente variables tanto en el espacio y el tiempo. El inventario de deslizamientos es utilizado como verificación en los puntos de ocurrencia. Como resultados se ha obtenido para las condiciones de suelo saturado, semisaturado y seco el factor de seguridad está entre las clases inestable a muy inestable, en un 42%, 38% y 18% del área de la cuenca respectivamente; lo que es un indicativo de zona propensa a deslizamientos. La información dada por los mapas de susceptibilidad a deslizamiento, ayuda a las autoridades y técnicos para que adopten estrategias de reducción de peligro por deslizamientos existentes y futuros por medio de la prevención, mitigación y evasión.
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